It seems that as we look at the bloodlines that formed Quarter Horse racing, we see the wide influence of the Thoroughbred. That Thoroughbred influence was used to build the American Quarter Horse on solid foundation Quarter Horse bloodlines. The Quarter Horse bloodlines we are talking about developed through the years alongside the evolution of the Thoroughbred. When we look at these foundation Quarter Horse bloodlines we see the significance of speed as a criterion for their use as breeding animals.
Old Billy was one of the great Quarter Horse foundation sires. The sire of Old Billy was Shiloh, and his dam was Ram Cat by Steel Dust. Both Shiloh and Steel Dust founded their own families of horses within the breed. They proved to be a good nick, producing horses like Old Billy. Old Billy went on to influence two important Quarter Horse families, the Old Billy South Texas Quarter Horse line and the Peter McCue line. Our look at Old Billy will show how speed and racing played a key role in the development of the modern American Quarter Horse giving us modern Quarter Horse racing.
The story of Old Billy begins with William Fleming as profiled by Helen Michaelis in the article “The Billy Horse” published in the Western Livestock Journal on May 15, 1941. Fleming was from Georgia where he was born in 1830. He later moved west to Mississippi and then on to Texas. He became a Texas Ranger where he fought the Comanche. When the Civil War started, he enlisted and served four years. He was wounded several times during the war, and one of those injuries disabled his hand and arm. Fleming was a decorated war hero.
When he returned from the War he settled in Belmont, Texas, between Seguin and Gonzales, Texas. He also established himself in the horse business. He bought the stallion that took his name Billy. William Fleming was known as Billy, or Uncle Billy to his neighbors and friends. The name we accept today for this stallion is Old Billy, but he could appear as just Billy, Billy Boy or Billy Fleming in some pedigrees. It was common practice for the horse to take on the name of its owner.
The stallion Billy was reportedly born around 1860. When the Civil War began, his owner chained him to a tree and he went off to war. According to the legend Billy remained chained to the tree. One version of the story claims that Billy’s owner had volunteered for what he thought was a short war and didn’t plan to be gone very long. He told his wife to care for the stallion but to watch him because he didn’t want the horse to hurt her. He was gone longer than anticipated and then he died in the war.
When Fleming returned from the war, he purchased the horse for $500. The hooves of Old Billy were so long they had to be sawed off to shape them up. He never regrew the hair back on his neck where the chain had been placed. We have no record of Old Billy being raced.
The next phase of the story of Old Billy and William Fleming comes from a mare named Paisana. She was a race mare foaled around 1856. She is reported in most articles as bred by Bailes and Oliver from Seguin, Texas. One report indicates that Webb Ross of Kentucky could have bred her. The dam of Paisana was Belton Queen by Guinea Boar and she was out of Missouri Gal.
Helen Michaelis indicated in some of her research that Belton Queen was a mare named Queen, originally owned by Jack Batchler. Batchler lost a race with this mare to Bailes’ Brown Dick. He not only lost the race but the mare as well to Bailes, the owner of Brown Dick. More importantly, this brought Brown Dick together with the Belton Queen producing Paisana, who was a successful race mare before she became a broodmare.
Fleming purchased Paisana when Bailes and Oliver dissolved their partnership. Fleming bought her in 1865 or 1866, and she foaled Anthony by Old Billy in 1867. Anthony was raced one time and then injured himself on a broken whisky bottle. He was named after a man named Anthony Dribbell. Anthony’s daughters Lemonade and Fashion were registered in the studbook so they could race on recognized racetracks. The Old Billy/Paisana foals include…



