Optimal horse performance relies on so much of the musculoskeletal system being strong and pain-free. A horse’s feet are especially important for a horse to perform at its best. Painful feet occur for a variety of reasons, from the simplest bruise to an abscess to more critical concerns such as navicular syndrome or laminitis.
Localizing the Problem
To track down the source of a lameness problem, it is important to have your veterinarian perform a comprehensive evaluation that begins by watching the horse in hand on a lead line, on the straight and on a hard surface. Lunging in circles at a trot helps establish which limb(s) is affected. Then the horse’s movement on a soft packed surface is compared to movement on a hard surface. Flexion tests, thorough palpation of all limb structures, and hoof testers further yield important diagnostic information. All of this is documented for comparison in follow-up exams.
Even when a horse’s leg looks perfect, at least two-thirds of the time, the problem is likely in the hoof. Swelling within hoof structures isn’t visible due to a tough hoof capsule. It is often difficult to separate out the various intricate parts of the hoof; this is best done by using diagnostic nerve blocks in a systematic manner starting at the bottom of the limb and methodically working upward. It is possible to have another concurrent problem that is also causing soreness.
An accurate diagnosis is critical to forming a treatment plan. Besides a thorough physical exam, high-quality digital radiographs and other imaging options are important. Radiographs have limitations, particularly with imaging of soft tissue, so then it is relevant to turn to ultrasound or MRI imaging. While MRI has become the ‘gold standard’ in documenting pathology in the equine distal limb, especially of bone edema and soft tissue injury, much information…